Bài tập phân biệt thì quá khứ đơn và thì hiện tại hoàn thành

1. Phân biệt thì thì hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect) và quá khứ đơn (Past Simple):

Thì hiện tại hoàn thành	Thì quá khứ đơn
– Diễn tả hành động gần đây đã diễn ra tại thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ.   Eg: I have bought a new computer (We don’t know when he bought it => không xác định được thời điểm) – Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp tục kéo dài đến hiện tại.	– Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc tại thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.   Eg: I bought the computer two years ago (Two year ago => thời điểm đã được xác định) – Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc trong quá khứ.
Dấu hiệu: ever, never, just, already, yet, so far, since, for, recently,…	Dấu hiệu: yesterday, last night/ week/ month/ year, ago, then, when, in 2019,….

2. Bài tập phân biệt thì quá khứ đơn và thì hiện tại hoàn thành:

Bài 1: Fill in the blank with Present Perfect or Past Simple

1. I ______ (seen) an ambulance recently. Maybe there’s an accident somewhere.
2. After he ______ (arrive) home, he ______ (eat) dinner and ______ (do) homework.
3. A: What’s wrong with you? B: I ______ (lose) my bag! I cannot find it anywhere.
4. I ______ (be) in Tokyo for holiday for 3 weeks. I really enjoy it.
5. We ______ (not meet) Tommy last night.
6. When I ______ (be) 6 years old, I often ______ (go) fishing in the afternoon.
7. She ______ (be) a teacher before she ______ (become) a writer.
8. This is the second time I ______ (read) Harry Potter.
9. A: When ______ (you/arrive)? B: About 11pm last night.
10. Jenny ______ (arrive)! Come and say hello!
11. Mozart ______ (write) more than 600 pieces of music.
12. She ______ (come) to Sydney in 2000.
13. How long ______ (you/know) Johnny? I know you see him often.
14. I ______ (never/see) the sea before.
15. Dean ______ (not/sleep) yet. He’s still playing games.

Bài 2: Choose the correct answer

3. They built/have built this house last year.
4. A: Hello B: Hi mum, it’s me. I just want to say that I arrived/have arrived safely.
5. I had/have had a problem for months, but I didn’t find/haven’t found a solution yet.
6. Liz was/has been ill for 2 weeks. She’s in hospital now.
7. This is the first time I made/have made a birthday cake.
8. What countries did you visit/have you visited in Africa?
9. My great grandmother went/has been to Vietnam twice.
10. I lost/have lost my keys yesterday. It’s terrible!
11. I’m sorry, my boss isn’t here now. He was/has been on vacation.
12.  David walked/has walked in the rain all morning. He’s sick.

Bài 3: Underline and correct the mistakes in these sentences. Write “True” if the sentence is right 

1. King Henry the Eighth of England has had six wives.
2. He lived in Korea for a while when he was small.
3. Your finger is bleeding! You have cut your finger!
4. What have you done this weekend?
5. What subjects has she studied at university? She’s a teacher now.
6. He has been married for 10 years, but he got divorced.
7. She has never seen such a fantastic movie before.
8. Mary has lived in England since 2012.
9. I have missed the bus and then I have missed the meeting as well!
10.  She played volleyball since she was a child. She’s pretty good!

Bài 4: Rewrite sentences using words given

1. Last night / I / lose / keys / so / call / my roommate.
2. I / lose / keys / so / I / find / them / now.
3. She / visit / Thailand / three times.
4. She / visit / Thailand / three times / last year.
5. I / know / great grandmother / for a few years / but / she / die / when / I / be / 6 years old.
6. I / know / Tommy / for a long time / since / we / be / kids.
7. He / play / piano / at school / but / he / not like / it.
8. He / play / piano / since / he / be / small.
9. We / finish / the test / last week.
10.  We / already finish / the exam.

Bài 5: Rewrite sentences with the same meaning

1. The last time I wrote a letter was 5 years ago.
2. When did you build the house?
3. I last met him 3 days ago.
4. She started working as an accountant 2 months ago.
5. He began playing football when he was 6 years old.
6. It’s been 2 years since the last time I went to Ho Chi Minh city.
7. This is the first time I have seen such a beautiful girl.
8. I haven’t been to Japan for 4 years.
9. I have never eaten such a delicious cake like this before.
10.  I have learnt English for 10 years.

Đáp án

Bài 1: Fill in the blank with Present Perfect or Past Simple

1. have seen
2. arrived – ate – did
3. have lost
4. have been
5. didn’t meet
6. was – went
7. was – became
8. have read
9. did you arrive
10.  has arrived
11.  wrote
12.  came
13.  have you known
14.  have never seen
15.  has not slept

Bài 2: Choose the correct answer

1. built
2. have arrived
3. have had – haven’t found
4. has been
5. have made
6. have you visited
7. went
8. lost
9. has been
10.  has walked

Bài 3: Underline and correct the mistakes in these sentences. Write “True” if the sentence is right

1. has had -> had
2. True
3. True
4. have you done -> did you do
5. has she studied -> did she study
6. has been married -> was married
7. True
8. True
9. have missed -> missed, have missed -> missed
10.  played -> has played

Bài 4: Rewrite sentences using words given

1. Last night, I lost my keys, so I called my roommate.
2. I have lost my keys, so I am finding them now.
3. She has visited Thailand three times.
4. She visited Thailand three times last year.
5. I knew my great grandmother for a few years but she died when I was 6 years old.
6. I have known Tommy for a long time since we were kids.
7. He played the piano at school but he did not like it.
8. He has played the piano since he was small.
9. We finished the test last week.
10. We have already finished the exam.

Bài 5: Rewrite sentences with the same meaning

1. I haven’t written a letter for 5 years.
2. How long have you built the house?
3. It’s been 3 days since the last time I met him.
4. She has worked as an accountant for 2 months.
5. He has played football since he was 6 years old.
6. I last went to Ho Chi Minh City 2 years ago.
7. I have never seen such a beautiful girl.
8. The last time I went to Japan was 4 years ago.
9. This is the first time I have eaten such a delicious cake like this.
10.  I started/began learning English 10 years ago.

Bài 6: Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets. Use the present perfect where possible. Otherwise use the past simple.

1. I can’t get in. (my home). I‘ve lost (lose) my key.

2. The office is empty now. Everybody … (go ) home.

3. I meant to call you last night but I … (forget).

4. Mary … (go) to Egypt for a holiday, but she’s back home in England now.

5. Are you OK? Yes I … (have) a headache, but I feel fine now.

6. Can you help us? Our car … (break) down.

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

2. has gone

3. forgot

4. went

5. had

6. has broken

Bài 7: Put the verb into correct form, present perfect or past simple.

1. It stopped raining for a while, but now it’s raining again. (stop)

2. The town is very different now. It has changed a lot (change)

3. I did German at school but I … most of it now (forget)

4. The police … three people, but later they let them go (arrest).

5. What do you think of my English? Do you think it … ? (improve)

6. A: Are you still reading the paper?

    B: No, I … with it.You can have it (finish)

7. I … for a job as a tourist guide, but I wasn’t successful(apply)

8. Where’s my bike? It … outside the house, but it’s not there now (be)

9. Look! There’s an ambulance over there. There … an accident (be)

10. A: Have you heard about Ben? He … his arm. (break)

    B: Really? How … that … ?(happen)

    A: He … off a ladder(fall).

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

3. have forgotten

4. arrested

5. has improved

6. have finished

7. applied

8. was

9. has been

10. broke … did happen … fell

3. Cấu trúc – dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì Hiện tại hoàn thành và Quá khứ đơn:

	HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH (PRESENT PERFECT)	THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN (PAST SIMPLE)
Công thức to be	Khẳng định: S + have/has + been + … Phủ định: S + have/has not + been +… Nghi vấn: Have/Has + S + been +…?	Khẳng định: S + was/were + … Phủ định: S + was/were (not) + …Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S + …?
Công thức động từ thường	Khẳng định: S + have/has + V(p2) + … Phủ định: S + have/has not + V(p2) +… Nghi vấn: Have/Has + S + V(p2) + …?	Khẳng định: S + Ved/cột 2 + … Phủ định: S + didn’t + V(nguyên thể) + … Nghi vấn: Did + S + V(nguyên thể) + …?
Dấu hiệu nhận biết	Dấu hiệu nhận biết: just, already, recently, lately, ever, never…before, yet, so far, until now, up to now, during/for/in/over + the past/last time, several times,… Cấu trúc so sánh hơn nhất: the + Adj-est/the + most + Adj.	Dấu hiệu nhận biết: yesterday, last night, last week, last month, in the past, the day before, ago, in + year,…