Bài tập Mệnh đề quan hệ cơ bản và nâng cao có đáp án

1. Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ cơ bản:

Bài 1: Nối hai câu riêng lẻ thành 1 câu sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ

1. The house has been built in the forest. It doesn’t have electricity.
   …
2. Do you know the man? He is coming towards us.
   …
3. I sent my parents some postcards. They were not so expensive.
   …
4. I come from a city. The city is located by the sea.
   …
5. The salad was so delicious. I had it for lunch.
   …
6. He worked for a man. She used to be an engineer.
   …
7. They called a doctor. He lived nearby.
   …
8. I wrote an email to my brother. He lives in Italy.
   …
9. Linh liked the waiter. He was very friendly.
   …
10. We broke a car. It belonged to my uncle.
    …
11. She dropped a cup. It was new.
    …
12. Nam loves books. They have happy endings.
    …
13. He lives in a city. It is in the north of Vietnam.
    …
14. The man is in the class. He is wearing a blue hat.
    …
15. The woman works in a hospital. She is from Thailand.
    …
16. She bought the car. Her father had recommended it.
    …
17. He lost the pen. I had given it to him.
    …
18. We called the delivery company. My sister often uses it.
    …
19. Nguyet met a girl. I used to employ her.
    …
20. Chi called the lawyer. My father knows him.
    …
21. He brought a woman. I worked with her last year.
    …
22. We employed the pianist. Hai introduced her.
    …
23. The cake is on the table. I bought it.
    …
24. The book belongs to John. David found it under the chair.
    …
25. The food was delicious. Michael cooked the food.
    …

Bài 2: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất để điền vào mỗi câu sau.

1. She is talking about the author… book is one of the best-sellers this year.
   A. which          B. whose         C. that         D. who
2. He bought all the books … are needed for the next exam.
   A. which         B. what         C. those         D. who
3. The children,…parents are famous teachers, are taught well.
   A. that         B. whom         C. whose         D. their
4. Do you know the girl …we met at the party last week?
   A. which         B. whose         C. who is         D. whom
5. The exercises which we are doing… very easy.
   A. is         B. has been         C. are         D. was
6. The boy … next to me kept talking during the film, … really annoyed me.
   A. having sat / that         B. sitting / which         C. to sit / what         D. sitting / who
7. Was Neil Armstrong the first person … foot on the moon?
   A. set         B. setting         C. to set         D. who was set
8. This is the village in … my family and I have lived for over 20 years.
   A. which         B. that         C. whom         D. where
9. My mother, … everyone admires, is a famous teacher.
   A. where         B. whom         C. which         D. whose
10. The old building … is in front of my house fell down.
    A. of which         B. which         C. whose         D. whom
11. Mr. Ken, … is living next door, is a dentist.
    A. that         B. who         C. whom          D. what
12. The man … she wanted to see her family.
    A. which         B. where         C. whom         D. who
13. The woman … came here two days ago is her professor.
    A. who         B. that         C. whom         D. what
14. Freedom is something for … millions have given their lives.
    A. which         B. where         C. whom         D. who
15. Tom has passed the exam last week, … is great news.
    A. who         B. that         C. which         D. whom
16. The film about … they are talking about is fantastic.
    A. who         B. which         C. whom         D. that
17. She is the girl … is my best friend.
    A. that         B. whom         C. who         D. A& C
18. I live in a pleasant room . .. . the garden.
    to overlook         B. overlooking         C. overlooked         D. which overlooking
19. The pilot was the only man … after the crash.
    A. was rescued         B. rescued         C. rescuing         D. to be rescued
20. I’ll see you near the post office… we met the other day.
    A. which         B. where         C. when         D. why

Exercise 3: Điền vào chỗ trống với các đại từ quan hệ: Who, Whom, Whose, Which, That, Where….

1. The men …  lives next-door are France.
2. Do you know the girls … are standing outside the school?
3. The cake … you like comes from the France.
4. A burglar is someone … breaks into a house and steals things.
5. I can’t find the key…  opens this door.
6. I don’t like the boy …. Sue is going out with.
7. The man …  she is going to marry is very handsome.
8. He wore a mask … made him look like Mickey Mouse.
9. The man …  mobile was ringing did not know what to do.
10. The woman …  daughter was crying tried to calm her down.
11. The family …  car was stolen last week is the Smiths.
12. A bus is a big car … carries lots of people.
13. Children …  like music are often good at mathematics.
14. The girl … recited the poem is my niece.
15. The Pacific Ocean,… might have been crossed by raft during the Stone Age, is the world’s largest ocean.

Exercise 4: Mỗi câu sau chứa một lỗi sai. Tìm và sửa chúng.

1. She is the most beautiful girl whose I have ever met.
2. She can’t speak Vietnamese, whom is a disadvantage.
3. The policeman must try to catch those people whom drive dangerously.
4. The person about who I told you yesterday is coming here tomorrow.
5. Mother’s Day is the day where children show their love to their mother.
6. Do you know the reason when we should learn English?
7. The woman who she told me the news was not a native citizen here.
8. New Year Day is the day where my family members gather and enjoy it together.
9. The film who I watched yesterday was interesting.
10. The only house to be paint last week was Oanh’s.

Đáp án bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ

Bài 1:

1. The house which has been built in the forest doesn’t have electricity.
2. Do you know the man who is coming towards us?
3. I sent my parents some postcards which were not so expensive.
4. I come from a city which is located by the sea.
5. The salad that/ which I had for lunch was so delicious.
6. He worked for a man who used to be an engineer.
7. They called a doctor who lived nearby.
8. I wrote an email to my brother who lives in Italy.
9. Linh liked the waiter who was very friendly.
10. We broke a car that belonged to my uncle.
11. He dropped a cup which was new.
12. Nam loves books that have happy endings.
13. He lives in a city that is in the north of Vietnam.
14. The man who is wearing a blue hat is in the class.
15. The woman who is from Thailand works in a hospital.
16. She bought the car her father had recommended.
17. He lost the pen I had given him.
18. We called the delivery company my sister often uses.
19. Nguyet met a girl I used to employ.
20. Chi called the lawyer my father knows.
21. He brought a woman I worked with last year.
22. We employed the pianist Hai introduced.
23. The cake I bought is on the table.
24. The wallet David found under the chair belongs to John.
25. The food Michael cooked was delicious.

Exercise 2

Bài 3

Bài 4

1. She is the most beautiful girl whose I have ever met.
                                         whose ⇒ who/ whom/ that
2. She can’t speak Vietnamese, whom is a disadvantage.
                                            whom ⇒ which
3. The policeman must try to catch those people whom drive dangerously.
                                                                      whom ⇒ who
4. The person about who I told you yesterday is coming here tomorrow.
           about who ⇒ about whom
5. Mother’s Day is the day where children show their love to their mother.
                                   where ⇒ when
6. Do you know the reason when we should learn English?
                                     when ⇒ why
7. The woman who she told me the news was not a native citizen here.
               who she ⇒ who
8. New Year Day is the day where my family members gather and enjoy it together.
                                    where ⇒ when
9. The film who I watched yesterday was interesting.
           who ⇒ which
10. The only house to be paint last week was Oanh’s.
                 to be paint ⇒ to be painted

2. Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ nâng cao:

Bài tập 1: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi

1. The man is her father. You met him last week.
2. Zoe likes the blue T-shirt. My sister is wearing it.
3. Show me the new hats. You bought them last night.
4. Zoe has a sister. Her sister’s name is Juma.
5. That is a company. It produces rings.
6. The children were attracted by the show. It was performed so many.
7. My best friend can compose songs. Ly sings folk songs very well.
8. Tet is a festival. Tet often happens in late January or early February.
9. Zoe bought a new phone yesterday. I can use it to send and receive messages.
10. Jack is the boy. He is giving my mom a gift.

Bài tập 2: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai

1. The film who I watched yesterday was interesting.
2. I like that dress whom is really beautiful.
3. The only house to be paint last week was Oanh’s.
4. Do you get on with the person which lives behind?
5. A dictionary is a book whom gives her the meaning of words.

Bài tập 3: Nối 2 câu sau thành 1 câu liền mạch (rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ)

1. Zoe is the girl. She phoned the police yesterday.
2. I buy a dress which is beautiful and fashionable.
3. The woman who is standing over there is my teacher.
4. The last student that was interviewed was Zoe.
5. Those are books. Jack has just bought them from the bookstore.
6. The Maldives, which is best known for foreign travelers, has pleasant weather.
7. They had a pool in which they could swim.

Đáp án bài tập 1

1. The man whom you met last week is her father.
2. Zoe likes the blue T-shirt which my sister is wearing.
3. Show me the new hats which you bought last night.
4. Zoe has a sister whose name is Juma.
5. That is a company which produces rings.
6. The children were attracted by the show which was performed so many.
7. My best friend can compose songs which Ly sings very well.
8. Tet is a festival that often happens in late January or early February.
9. Zoe bought a new phone yesterday which I can use to send and receive messages.
10. Jack is the boy who is giving my mom a gift.

Đáp án bài tập 2

1. who ➔ which (thay thế cho the film phải dùng which chứ không dùng who)
2. whom ➔ which (thay thế cho that dress dùng which)
3. to be paint ➔ to be painted (sai về chia thời động từ)
4. which ➔ who (thay thế cho the person phải dùng who)
5. whom ➔ which (thay thế a book phải dùng which)

Đáp án bài tập 3

1. Zoe is the girl phoning the police yesterday.
2. Those are the books which Jack has just bought from the bookstore.
3. The woman standing over there is my teacher.
4. The last student to be interviewed was Zoe.
5. I buy a beautiful and fashionable dress.
6. The Maldives, best known for foreign travelers, has pleasant weather.
7. They had a pool to swim in.

3. Lý thuyết về mệnh đề quan hệ:

Mệnh đề quan hệ xuất hiện khi một câu chứa một mệnh đề đặt sau một danh từ và nhằm mục đích bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đó.

Ví dụ:

“The man who is wearing the black hat is my friend.”

⇒ Trong ví dụ trên, “who is wearing the black hat” là một mệnh đề, nằm sau “The man” để cung cấp thông tin chi tiết về người đó và mở rộng nghĩa của danh từ.

Các loại mệnh đề quan hệ

a. Mệnh đề xác định (Defining clause): Mệnh đề này được sử dụng để xác định danh từ và làm cho câu trở nên đầy đủ nghĩa. Nếu không có mệnh đề quan hệ, câu sẽ không rõ ràng.

Ví dụ:

“The boy who is wearing a blue T-shirt is my little brother.”

(Cậu bé mặc áo phông màu xanh là em trai tôi.)

⇒ Mệnh đề “who is wearing a blue T-shirt” là quan trọng để xác định cụ thể danh từ “The boy”.

b. Mệnh đề không xác định (Non-defining clause): Mệnh đề này mang đến thông tin thêm về người hoặc vật, không làm thay đổi ngữ pháp hay nghĩa của câu. Mệnh đề không xác định thường được phân biệt bằng cách có dấu phẩy và không sử dụng từ “That”.

Ví dụ:

“Taylor Swift, who is famous all around the world, is a singer.”

(Taylor Swift, người nổi tiếng khắp thế giới, là một ca sĩ.)

⇒ Mệnh đề “who is famous all around the world” mang đến thông tin bổ sung về Taylor Swift, nhưng nếu loại bỏ, câu vẫn giữ nguyên ý nghĩa cơ bản.